Environmental Presentation

SLIDE PRESENTATION
Wastewater treatment technologies

Wastewater treatment is closely related to the standards and/or expectations set for the effluent quality. Wastewater treatment processes are designed to achieve improvements in the quality of the wastewater. Below slides are the technologies that involved in the wastewater treatment. Each one of the technologies has its own applications, responsibilities and task. This is important because waste water management plants are certainly very much necessary to dirt free the water through all the waste as well as harmful microorganisms. They treat the dilute that goes our channels before discharging it go into nature's domain.

Electrocoagulation

Mohd Radhi b. Md. Imran

55102215045

Sewage treatment

Muhd Hasyir Mirza b. Dazirman

55102215042

Ion exchange

Aiman Alimin b. Zainudin

55102215006

API Oil-Water Separator

Ahmad Izhar Fahimi b. Abdul Aziz

55102215019

Environmental Experiment

VIDEO DEMONSTRATION
Venturi Scrubber

A venturi scrubber is designed to effectively use the energy from the inlet gas stream to atomize the liquid being used to scrub the gas stream. This type of technology is a part of the group of air pollution controls collectively referred to as wet scrubbers. Below is a video demonstration regarding this particular device, which is the Venturi Scrubber.

Venturi scrubbers have been applied to control particulate matter (PM) emissions from utility, industrial, commercial, and institutional boilers fired with coal, oil, wood, and liquid waste. They have also been applied to control emission sources in the chemical, mineral products, wood, pulp and paper, rock products, and asphalt manufacturing industries; lead, aluminum, iron and steel, and gray iron production industries; and to municipal solid waste incinerators. Typically, venturi scrubbers are applied where it is necessary to obtain high collection efficiencies for fine PM.

SOLTEQ Venturi Scrubber System (Model: AP 02) has been manufactured to a high standard with emphasis on ease of use and operational safety. It consists of a transparent cylindrical venturi scrubber, a separation chamber, a water recirculation system, a particulate feeder, an air blower, an outlet dust filter and an air flow meter with control valve. This unit has been custom designed by Malaysian engineers to introduce students of Chemical Engineering to dust pollution control using a venturi scrubber.

Keep going...

Air Monitoring

Below are the results of carbon dioxide emission that been released by the cars. The cars involved in this particular assessment are Honda Jazz, Proton Satria Neo, Proton Pesona, Perodua Axia and Honda City. 

Discussion

This experiment was about to compare the amount of carbon dioxide produced by the different type of cars that has been used. It’s also to compare type of car engine that used between our local product which are Perodua and Proton with other country product (Japan) which is Honda.

In this experiment, it has showed that our local car production produced low amount of carbon dioxide than Japan car production. This is because type of engine that used by Malaysian car is VVT-I. VVT-I is a type of engine where it’s filtered the amount of gas that been produced from the combustion of gasoline. As the gas is been filtered, so most of the gas that produced by the engine is a clean gas. However, this will affect the speed of the car. The reason is speed of car is affected by the gas that produced in the engine, but Malaysian car filtered the gas in the engine. So, the speed of Malaysia car production is low. Besides that, type of engine that used by Japan car is VTEC. VTEC is a system that developed by Honda to improve the volumetric efficiency of a four-stroke combustion. This VTEC also helped to improve car acceleration by increase its RPM power input. By this, the rate of combustion that occur in the engine is high and make the car go faster. However, the high rate combustion cause the amount of carbon dioxide gas that produced is high which it is dangerous to the environment. So, the amount of carbon dioxide produced by Honda is higher than Perodua and Proton because its rate of combustion is higher than the others.

For the conclusion, Malaysian car products much safer than the Japanese car products because of the engine that used. The type of engine that used by Malaysian car (Perodua and Proton) is VVT-I which it has less rate of combustion besides filtered the gas produced in the engine. Other than that, type of engine that used by Japanese car (Honda) is VTEC which it has high rate of combustion in order to improve the car acceleration.

Con'td

WEEK 5
Noise Monitoring
Date: 21/12/2016
Time: 16:21:39

MEASUREMENT
DATE: 21th DECEMBER 2016		TIME: 4.21 PM
MEASUREMENT TIME INTERVAL: 1 HOUR
EQUIPMENT
SOUND LEVEL METER MODEL: EXTECH INSTRUMENT SERIAL NO: 150105006
WEATHER CONDITION
WEATHER EQUIPMENT SERIAL NO: SM 15413297 PRESSURE (Pa): 1016 hPa		PRECIPITATION: RAINING/DRIZZLE
CLOUD COVER: CLEAR/SCATTERED CLOUD/PARTLY CLOUD/MOSTLY CLOUD/OVERCAST
AVERAGE WIND SPEED: 3 kph TEMPERATURE: 29˚C		HUMIDITY (%): 72%
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATING CONDITION OF THE SOUND SOURCE
LOCATION OF SITE: ALOR GAJAH ROUNDABOUT
DESCRIPTION OF SITE: THE ROUNDABOUT IS LOCATED BESIDES MAIN ROAD AND ALSO LOCATED OPPOSITES TO SHOP LOTS AND ALSO INDUSTRY AREA.
BUILDING GEOMETRY: SINGLE STOREY
GROUND COVER & CONDITION: TAR ROAD
PARAMETERS
HEIGHT OF MICROPHONE (Hr): 1.2 m		HEIGHT OF SOURCE (Hs): 1.46 m
DISTANCE BETWEEN SOURCE AND MICROPHONE (r): 3.54 m
ROAD TRAFFIC
# OF HEAVY VEHICLES (>3500KG) (Min 30): 74	# OF LIGHT VEHICLES (Min 30): 1268		AVERAGE SPEED: 60 km/h

So we have reached the final week which was the fifth week. On this day, at 16:21:39 we started the assessment and finished it up at 17:21:38. Below are the results that we have obtained after 1 hour of monitoring this particular session. 

Discussion
Overview

Above are the value of noise level that are taken during 1 hour period of time:

Firstly, L10 is the noise level exceeded for 10% of the time of the measurement duration. This is often used to give an indication of the upper limit of fluctuating noise, such as that from road traffic. So for the 5th week, the value of L10 is 73.3 dB. Compared to the fourth week, it decreased by 1.7 dB. Then for L50, it is the noise level exceeded for 50% of the measurement duration. Therefore the value of L50 is 67 dB. The value is slightly decreased. Next, the L90 is the noise level that is taken to be the ambient or background noise in the road traffic. The value of L90 is 61.9 dB. Compared to the fourth week, it decreased significatly by 3.1 dB. Futhermore, the value of Max dB for this particular week 90.1 dB. This is due to heavy vehicles were passing by on the road traffic. In addition, Leq is the Sound Pressure Level in dB, time-averaged level and is equivalent to the total Sound Energy over a 1 hour period of time on the road traffic. The value of Leq is 70 dB for the fifth week.

Last chapter...

WEEK 5
Water Monitoring

Con'td

WEEK 4
Noise Monitoring
Date: 14/12/2016
Time: 16:01:34

MEASUREMENT
DATE: 14th DECEMBER 2016		TIME: 4.01 PM
MEASUREMENT TIME INTERVAL: 1 HOUR
EQUIPMENT
SOUND LEVEL METER MODEL: EXTECH INSTRUMENT SERIAL NO: 150105006
WEATHER CONDITION
WEATHER EQUIPMENT SERIAL NO: SM 15413297 PRESSURE (Pa): 1016 hPa		PRECIPITATION: RAINING/DRIZZLE
CLOUD COVER: CLEAR/SCATTERED CLOUD/PARTLY CLOUD/MOSTLY CLOUD/OVERCAST
AVERAGE WIND SPEED: 5 kph TEMPERATURE: 28˚C		HUMIDITY (%): 68%
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATING CONDITION OF THE SOUND SOURCE
LOCATION OF SITE: ALOR GAJAH ROUNDABOUT
DESCRIPTION OF SITE: THE ROUNDABOUT IS LOCATED BESIDES MAIN ROAD AND ALSO LOCATED OPPOSITES TO SHOP LOTS AND ALSO INDUSTRY AREA.
BUILDING GEOMETRY: SINGLE STOREY
GROUND COVER & CONDITION: TAR ROAD
PARAMETERS
HEIGHT OF MICROPHONE (Hr): 1.2 m		HEIGHT OF SOURCE (Hs): 1.47 m
DISTANCE BETWEEN SOURCE AND MICROPHONE (r): 3.52 m
ROAD TRAFFIC
# OF HEAVY VEHICLES (>3500KG) (Min 30): 58	# OF LIGHT VEHICLES (Min 30): 1378		AVERAGE SPEED: 50 km/h

We continue our session for the 4th week of this assessment. We arrived at the location and started to monitor the noise pollution at 16:01:34. We succeeded the session and finished at 17:01:33. Below are the results of the noise monitoring assessment after 1 hour session. 

Discussion
Overview

Above are the value of noise level that are taken during 1 hour period of time:

Firstly, L10 is the noise level exceeded for 10% of the time of the measurement duration. This is often used to give an indication of the upper limit of fluctuating noise, such as that from road traffic. So for the 4^th week, the value of L10 is 75 dB. Compared to the third week, it increased by 0.6 dB. Then for L50, it is the noise level exceeded for 50% of the measurement duration. Therefore the value of L50 is 68.7 dB. The value is increased. Next, the L90 is the noise level that is taken to be the ambient or background noise in the road traffic. The value of L90 is 65 dB. Compared to the third week, it increased by 2.5 dB. Futhermore, the value of Max dB for this particular week 97.7 dB. This is due to heavy vehicles were passing by on the road traffic. In addition, Leq is the Sound Pressure Level in dB, time-averaged level and is equivalent to the total Sound Energy over a 1 hour period of time on the road traffic. The value of Leq is 73 dB for the fourth week.

Back at it again...

WEEK 4

Water Monitoring

• Total Kjehdahl Nitrogen

The total Kjehdahl nitrogen in the sample is 0.

• Total Suspended Solid

TSS  =  (Final weight - Initial weight)

              40 ml

                        = 0.09892 g - 0.0861 g

                   40 ml

     = 0.0031 g

    40 ml

                   = 0.0000775 g/ml

• Total Dissolved Solid

TDS  =  (Final weight - Initial weight)

              40 ml

                        = 48.2554 g - 48.0742 g

                   40 ml

     = 0.1812 g

      30 ml

                   = 0.00604 g/ml

• Turbidity

The turbidity of the sample is 11.2 NTU

• Colour

The colour of the blank is 0 Pt/Co
      The colour of the sample is 102 Pt/Co

• pH

The pH value of the sample is 7.43

• Conductivity

The conductivity of the sample is 104.0 µS

• Biochemical Oxygen Demand

         Day 1

         Day 5

Results

Discussion

For week 4, compare to week 3, the result are slightly different. For biological oxygen demand(BOD), for week 3 for specifically in dilution 25 ml the value 0.11833 mg/L but in week 4 the value decrease to 0.015 mg/L. For dilution 50 ml the value 0.45 mg/L but in week 4 the value decrease to 0.0408 mg/L but for dilution 100 ml the value 1.0133 mg/L but in week 4 the value decrease to 0.508 mg/L. According to the result of colour, there is a big different between week 3 and week 4. On week 3, the value of colour measured was 0.4 Pt/Co but in week 4 , the colour measured was 102 Pt/Co. It shown that the colour of Taman Tasek Tampin is unstable . For Turbidity, it also show a big different between week 3 and week 4. The value of turbidity in week 3 is 13.5 NTU and in week 4 the value is decrease to 11.2 NTU. While the result for conductivity quite different which is the value is increase from 92.1 µS in week 3 to 104.0 µS in week 4. The pH for week 3 and week 4 did not show so much different which in 6.88 in week 3 and 7.43 in week 4. For temperature are quite similar on both week which is 23.3˚C in week 3 and 23.30˚C in week 4. For total suspended solid show  some quite big gap which is on week 3 is 0.00023675 g/ml while in week 4 is 0.0031 g/ml. For total dissolved solid also show some large different between both week. The value for week 3 is 0.02475 g/ml and the value increase in week 4 to 0.1812 g/ml. And last but not least, the value of total Kjeldahl Nitrogen is constant both week. The value is 0. 

Con'td

WEEK 3

Noise Monitoring

Date: 7/12/2016

Time: 16:01:17

MEASUREMENT
DATE: 7th DECEMBER 2016		TIME: 4.01 PM
MEASUREMENT TIME INTERVAL: 1 HOUR
EQUIPMENT
SOUND LEVEL METER MODEL: EXTECH INSTRUMENT SERIAL NO: 150105006
WEATHER CONDITION
WEATHER EQUIPMENT SERIAL NO: SM 15413297 PRESSURE (Pa): 1016 hPa		PRECIPITATION: RAINING/DRIZZLE
CLOUD COVER: CLEAR/SCATTERED CLOUD/PARTLY CLOUD/MOSTLY CLOUD/OVERCAST
AVERAGE WIND SPEED: 1 kph TEMPERATURE: 35˚C		HUMIDITY (%): 77%
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATING CONDITION OF THE SOUND SOURCE
LOCATION OF SITE: ROUND ABOUT ALOR GAJAH
DESCRIPTION OF SITE: THE ROUND ABOUT IS LOCATED AT THE CENTER OF ALOR GAJAH TOWN.
BUILDING GEOMETRY: OPEN AREA
GROUND COVER & CONDITION: ON THE BRICKS
PARAMETERS
HEIGHT OF MICROPHONE (Hr): 1.2 m		HEIGHT OF SOURCE (Hs): 1.5 m
DISTANCE BETWEEN SOURCE AND MICROPHONE (r): 2.5 m
ROAD TRAFFIC
# OF HEAVY VEHICLES (>3500KG) (Min 30): 34	# OF LIGHT VEHICLES (Min 30): 770		AVERAGE SPEED: 60 km/h

As usual, we came right on time and without hesitation, we handled the assessment like we did before. We started at 16:01:17 and finished at 17:01:16, completed 1 hour session of noise monitoring successfully. Below are the results that we have recorded and obtained on that day.

Discussion
Overview

Above are the value of noise level that are taken during 1 hour period of time:

Firstly, L10 is the noise level exceeded for 10% of the time of the measurement duration. This is often used to give an indication of the upper limit of fluctuating noise, such as that from road traffic. So for the 3^rd week, the value of L10 is 74.4 dB. Compared to the second week, it increased by 0.4 dB. Then for L50, it is the noise level exceeded for 50% of the measurement duration. Therefore the value of L50 is 67.4 dB. The value stays the same. Next, the L90 is the noise level that is taken to be the ambient or background noise in the road traffic. The value of L90 is 62.5 dB. Compared to the second week, it remains unchanged. Futhermore, the value of Max dB for this particular week 91.5 dB. This is because there were not many heavy vehicles were passing by on the road traffic. In addition, Leq is the Sound Pressure Level in dB, time-averaged level and is equivalent to the total Sound Energy over a 1 hour period of time on the road traffic. The value of Leq is 70 dB for the third week.